Satellite Animal Trackers: A Conservation Tool in Galapagos
Galapagos Conservation is committed to protecting the Galapagos Islands’ unique ecosystems. This commitment is reflected by our use of advanced technology in our conservation programs. This installment of our series on technological innovation highlights how satellite animal tracking is revolutionizing the conservation efforts of gigantic tortoises. These iconic species play a crucial role in the dynamics and ecology of the archipelago’s terrestrial ecosystems. These devices are state-of-the art and provide vital data to inform our conservation and management activities, improving our ability to protect and understand these majestic creatures.
Satellite Tracking in Conservation: A Revolution!
Satellite tracking devices have revolutionized the way we monitor endangered animals. These devices are small (2×2 inches), lightweight (7 ounces), and can be attached directly to adult tortoises’ shells without harming them. These devices are equipped with a GPS chip which records the tortoise’s location every six hours. The coordinates are then sent via satellite to enable us to track their movements in real-time and collect detailed information on their behavior.
Diego is a famous giant tortoise and a prime example of the technology being used in our conservation program. The GPS tracker on Diego’s shell, which was attached in June 2020 to his return to the wild Espanola Island after more than 80 years of captivity allowed our scientists to monitor Diego’s adaptation and ensure its well-being. Diego’s story illustrates how satellite tracking deepens our understanding of animals and their fate.
The giant tortoises of Isabela Island are another example of the impact this technology has had. The tracking of tortoises for two years revealed that males reached up to 1,200 meters in altitude and traveled up to 20 km. Females were more likely to move less and stay at lower elevations. These observations show behavioral differences in the sexes, and how climate change may affect their migration routes and impact their health and survival.
The advanced technology minimizes the need for physical presence by our researchers in sensitive habitats. This ensures that animals and habitats are not disturbed. This technology allows timely adjustments to ensure that conservation strategies are robust, responsive and effective as environmental conditions change.
The tracking devices not only provide valuable insight into the giant tortoises seasonal migrations but also highlight the role they play in the dispersal of seeds across the Galapagos. These devices show how tortoises, which retain the seeds that they eat for nearly a whole month in their digestive tracts, move slowly and steadily up to 1 km per day. This process is vital for the regeneration of vegetation and the health of the Galapagos ecosystems.
Conservation: Challenges and the Future
Satellite animal trackers are essential tools to help us better understand giant tortoises that live in remote, vast areas. These areas can be difficult to reach or monitor on the ground due logistical challenges. These ecosystems are isolated and require ongoing planning to protect them.
Future conservation efforts in the Galapagos depend on the integration of new technologies as well as the support of donors and supporters. Your commitment is vital to protect this unique archipelago, and to ensure that the Galapagos tortoises legacy endures for future generations.
